Alloys
Grey iron according to EN1561
(Often still called GG.)
Characteristics: Is the classic cast iron, which has been produced for more than 1000 years. The graphite (carbon) is lying in flakes, which in a microscope therefore can easily be sorted from steel and SG iron.
Properties: Grey iron is easily machined and is partly due to the lamellar graphite both vibration and noise damping. In addition, there are good lubrication, sliding, pressure, and density properties.
Applicability: Machine Stands, engines, valves, cylinders, flanges, pump housings, bearing housings, hydraulic components, frying pans and pots.
The most commonly used alloys are:
Type | Tensile strength MPa |
---|---|
EN-GJL-150 | 150 |
EN-GJL-200 | 200 |
EN-GJL-250 | 250 |
EN-GJL-300 | 300 |
Ductile iron according to EN 1563
(Nodular iron and sometimes also called Meehanite®-iron)
Features: This type was standardized in 1948 and takes the best features from steel (strength) and cast iron (workability and smear / lubricated properties). The manufacturing process is easily controlled in electric furnaces, such as those we use here in Uldalls iron foundry. Gray iron is poured over magnesium which due to a low boiling point boils up through the grey iron and transforms the graphite flakes into spears (nodules)
Characteristics: Is still easily machined and with good lubricating and gliding properties. But in addition it has high tensile strength and toughness. SG can be hardened partially or completely with hardness up to 600HB. Furthermore SG can on special demand be ADI treated, where the the tensile strength, yield strength and impact resistance are increased without loosing the elongation.
Applicability: Cranks, connecting rods, valve housings, couplings, gears or as a substitute for welded structures.
The most commonly used alloys are:
Type | Tensile strength N / mm2 | 0,2 yield strength | Elongation in% |
---|---|---|---|
EN-GJS-400-18LT | 400 | 240 | 18 |
EN-GJS-400-15 | 400 | 250 | 15 |
EN-GJS-500-7 | 500 | 320 | 7 |
EN-GJS-600-3 | 600 | 370 | 3 |
EN-GJS-700-2 | 700 | 420 | 2 |
Special alloys
Uldalls Foundry has small flexible furnaces and can make quick changeovers and small series, which makes the casting of special alloys to a daily routine. We have the usual special alloys such as heat-resistant cast iron, Ni-Hard and Ni-Resist, but also offers special customized alloys, that match the requirements the customer may have. HOWEVER only alloys, which have cast IRON as a base. Therefore NOT steel or metal alloys.
Ni-Hard acc. EN12513
(also called white cast iron)
Properties: Almost un-machinable due to the high chromium content with HB 400-600. Very good wear properties and acid resistance.
Applicability: Pump houses, wear plates, coal mills, crushers and cement mixers.
Ni-Resist iht. EN13835
(Both as grey iron and ductile iron)
Features: Corrosion, heat and Oxydating resistant. As the main component in addition to iron (Fe) is nickel (Ni), this alloy is costly.
Applicability: Machine parts and steam-engines, which are subjected to acid, brine, or may not deform or corrode during use.
Heat-resistant cast iron
(Molybdenum-based ductile iron)
Properties: Will retains much of the strength at high temperatures without deforming.
Applicability: Combustion grates and construction